A Wind-Powered Sculpture Is Lighting Up Tanzania’s Plains

There’s something almost unsettling about a structure that appears to breathe. Not in a horror movie kind of way, but in that quiet, mesmerizing way that makes you stop, squint, and wonder if what you’re seeing is really happening. That’s exactly what Vincent Leroy’s Fractal Swarm does to people. It sits in the vast openness of the Tanzanian plains, and it moves. Not because of motors or hidden mechanisms, but because of the wind.

Leroy is a Paris-based French artist who grew up in rural Normandy tinkering with whatever he could get his hands on. That early habit of experimenting turned into a full-blown obsession with movement, which led him to study industrial design at the Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Création Industrielle in Paris. By the time he graduated, he was already making kinetic work that galleries wanted to show. Since then, he has built a practice that sits comfortably between sculpture, installation art, and something that doesn’t quite have a name yet. His work has appeared everywhere from Parisian museums to Zanzibar’s shoreline, and the thread that runs through all of it is the same: movement as a material, not just as an effect.

Designer: Vincent Leroy

Fractal Swarm is his latest statement on that idea, and it might be the most ambitious one yet. The installation is built around the logic of fractal geometry, which is the kind of math that describes the way nature repeats itself at different scales. Think of the branching pattern of a tree, or the way a fern unfolds, or the texture of a coastline seen from above. Nature uses this structure constantly, and Leroy decided to make it visible in a landscape where that pattern is already everywhere.

The Tanzanian plains during the dry season are stripped down to essentials. Acacia trees stand with bare, branching silhouettes against the sky. The ground breaks into fragmented, textured patches of arid vegetation. Leroy’s installation mirrors all of that. Its branching configuration echoes the acacia silhouettes so closely that from a distance, it reads more like something that grew there than something that was built. That’s the point. Rather than imposing itself on the landscape, Fractal Swarm extends it.

What makes it come alive, literally, are the mirrored fins embedded within the structure’s modules. Thin and precisely placed, these fins catch and refract the intense light of the plains as they move. The wind sets everything in motion, and the fins respond by scattering light in constantly shifting patterns across the ground and the air around them. The result is something that changes every second depending on where you’re standing, what direction the wind is coming from, and what time of day it is. No two moments of looking at it are the same.

This is what Leroy keeps coming back to in his practice: the idea that slowing down and watching something move can completely change how you see it. His work tries to reveal the gaps that usually go unnoticed in today’s frenetic race for speed and performance. Fractal Swarm does that on a grand scale. It puts you in front of something enormous and quietly says: stand here. Watch this. Let the wind do something beautiful.

It’s also worth noting that Leroy isn’t new to working with wind in dramatic outdoor settings. His Drifting Cloud installation on Zanzibar’s east coast used rotating canvas discs that interacted directly with the shoreline’s breeze. Fractal Swarm takes that same sensibility deeper into the continent and scales it up into something more structural and mathematically precise.

What’s quietly radical about all of this is that Leroy uses some of the most rigorous abstract math available (fractal geometry) and turns it into something you feel before you think about it. You don’t need to understand the Mandelbrot set to be moved by Fractal Swarm. You just need to stand near it when the wind picks up and watch the plains light up like they’re waking. That’s the kind of art that sticks with you long after you’ve walked away.